Instead they should use feed with lower protein levels to help induce molting, the association recommends.

The recommendation was made this week as part of the association's drive to improve the care producers give to their hens. The recommendation is part of the association's animalcare certification programme .

A new animal care certification logo will appear on egg cartons from producers complying with the standards. Participating producers will be audited yearly through an independentcertification programme to ensure the new standards are being met.

The guidelines are based on recommendations from an independent scientific advisory committee commissioned in 1999 to review the treatment of egg-producing hens, the associationsaid.The committee included representatives from the USDA, scientists, the US Humane Association and academics.

The guidelines require members to:

• Increase cage space per hen, which is being phased in to avoid market disruptions;

• Set standards for molting procedures based on verified scientific studies;

• Set standards for trimming of chicks' beaks, when necessary, to avoid pecking and cannibalism;

• Maintain a constant supply of fresh feed, water and air ventilation throughout the chicken house and monitor for ammonia

• Inspect each bird daily and establish proper handling and transportation proceedures; and

• Instruct staff on the proper handling of chickens to avoid injury to the animals. The organisation represents about 90 per cent of the US' egg producers.

Egg producers normally take laying hens off of feed to induce molting. The molting process pushes hens to being egg production after a period of rest. Member companies have until1 January next year to comply with the recommendation.